Month: August 2015

INTRODUCTION
This is the largest part of the brain situated in the anterior and middle cranial fossa.
It consists of two hemispheres. Both the cerebral hemispheres are separated by a deep vertical fissure into left and right cerebral hemisphere. The separation is incomplete, in middle portion; Corpus callosum is present which connects the two hemispheres. Surface of the cerebral cortex is characterized by complicated pattern of sulci and gyri. Sulcus is a slight depression or groove and gyrus is a raised ridge. This helps in increasing the surface area of brain.
Cerebral cortex consists of gray matter that surrounds the deeper white matter.

LOBES OF CEREBRAL CORTEX
In each hemisphere, there are three surfaces lateral, medial and inferior surfaces

1. Frontal lobe
2. Parietal lobe
3. Occipital lobe
4. Temporal lobe.

LOBES OF CEREBRAL CORTEX

Frontal Lobe of Cerebral Cortex
Functional areas
1. Primary motor area
2. Premotor area
Primary Motor Area- Areas 4 and 4S are present here.
Primary motor area is concerned with initiation of voluntary movements and speech.

Area 4S-It suppresses the extra impulses produced by area 4 and inhibits exaggeration of movements.

Premotor Area-Premotor area includes areas 6, 8, 44 and 45. The premotor area is anterior to primary motor area in the precentral cortex. The premotor area is concerned with control of postural movements.
Broca area-Broca area is the motor area for speech. It includes areas 44 and 45. Broca area is present in left hemisphere (dominant hemisphere) of right-handed persons and in the right hemisphere of left-handed persons
Function of Broca area-Broca area is responsible for movements of tongue, lips and larynx, which are involved in speech.

Parietal Lobe-It receives sensory impulses from cutaneous receptors (touch, pressure, pain, temperature) and proprioceptors.

Temporal Lobe
Functional areas
Wernicke area is responsible for the interpretation of auditory sensation. (Area 22)

Areas of Visual Cortex-
Occipital lobe consists of three functional areas:
1. Primary visual area (area 17) 2. Secondary visual area or (area18)
Functions of Occipital Lobe
2. Primary visual area (area 17) is concerned with perception of visual sensation
3. Secondary visual area (area 18) is concerned with interpretation of visual sensation and storage of memories of visual symbols

What is Online Investigation?
Online examinations, sometimes referred as e-examinations, are the investigationsdirected through the internet or in an intranet (if within the Organization) for a remote candidate (s). Most of the examinations questionmarks as the applicant finish the exam, when there is an answer processing unit also involvedthrough the system. Candidate is agreed a limited time to answer the questions and after the time end the answer paper is restrictedmechanically and answers sent to the examiner. The examiner will analyzeanswers, either through automaticprocedureby hand and the marks will be sent to the candidate through email.
Today many organizations are directing online examinations internationalefficiently and dispute results online.
There are compensations and difficulties in online examinations. The main benefit is that it can be directed for remote candidates and assessment of answers can be fully automated for MCQ questions can be evaluated by hand or through automatic system, dependent on the nature of the queries and the requirements. Also online investigations can be directed at any time and there is no paper work. There are no supervisors, also nonecessity of plan of exam hubs. When relating with traditional exam scenario the cost for an online examination will be almost zero.
The weakness of the e-examination is the incapability of monitoring. There are organizations used in these examinations, when recording candidates and presentation of queries, so that to exam candidates knowledge and services. Though a limited time, candidate cannot be completely verified with his skill-test.

• REQUIREMENT: Concept about examinations and why the basicneed for online exams:

The traditional method to determining a person’s level of information in a topic has been the examination. These days there is often more importance on “internal” assessments, which couldcontain of assignments and projects given by the teacher and then marked or evaluated by the similar teacher. Investigations have the benefits of:

• Self-confidence that a large number of students are all being evaluated equally.
• Abridgedchance for cheating.
• A smaller amountof marking work, where a full year’s calculation can be finished in a 2 or 3 hour period.
The Internet creates occasions for making examinations both more consistent and cheaper than they are already. Ignoring the efforts of the examinees, there are three main components of strength required to administer an examination:
1. Create the examination, and keep the contents secure until the examination starts.
2. Supervise the examination.
3. Conduct the examinations.
Byusing computer technology, it should be conceivable to modernize these three phases, and also separate them from each other.
There are many online examination systems existing in the marketplace nowadays. In this part of the conversation we will briefly define the existing systems and undermine the features other planned system. These features are the improvements or advantages of our proposed system over the currentschemes. Onlinetestplus, Sify-itest, Exam-Pro Software, Exam 9 product technologies and many more are the extensively used operational examination soft wares today.