Historical background and terminology used in cell & tissue culture. Basic techniques of cell and tissue culture, surface sterilization, aseptic tissue transfer, concept of totipotency.
Nutritional requirement of cell in vitro, various types of nutrient media
Someatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in plant .
Variability in tissue cultures, somaclonal and other variations.
Isolation of cells, single cell cultures and cloning.
Micropropagation and cloning of plants, applications of micropropagation in agriculture,horticulture & forestry.
Haploid production. various techniques, applications.
Production of disease free plants by tissue culture methods.
Protoplast isolation and culture, fusion of protoplast .
Somatic hybrids, selection methods. gene expression in somatic hybrid